How to Conduct A research Part 2 - Identifying Problems, Literature Review, Research Aims

In the previous part, we have discussed about the cyclic nature of a research. There are 9 steps in a research that is going hand on hand. All the parts have to be in accordance, in a coherence, each other. Those parts are presented below:

The cycle begins from the top part, identifying problem. This is the first step before conducting a research. A researcher must identify the problem or motivation of why they need to do the research. The word "why" refers to the problem or motivation that researcher encounter.

How to Conduct A Research Part 3 - Choosing Research Approach

The first three steps of the scientific method are the crucial part of a study. Some people spend a lot of time moving forward and backward in these three steps: Identifying problems, literature review, and determining the aims of the research. As it is explained in the previous part, the result will determine the approach of the study that will be used.

You may have heard about experiment research or case study. There are also common approach like action research and survey. In general,  Denscombe (2010) divide the research approach into 8:

    1. Surveys and sampling
    2. Case studies
    3. Experiments
    4. Ethnography
    5. Phenomenology
    6. Grounded theory
    7. Actions research
    8. Mixed method

How to Conduct A Research Part 1

Conducting a research is not a simple process. There are many factors to consider to produce a good research such as research approach, method, sampling and etc. In general, conducting a research is a cyclic process that always goes on. For instance, A research is conducted and built based on the previous research or findings. In the end, the results of the research will be a foundation for the other research/further research. Usually, the aim of the research is to solve problems or explain certain phenomena. However, it is just like people said "the more you study, the more you know that you don't know". The research often reveals another problem or unexplained phenomena. This is what will suggest the other researcher to do further study. The following scheme is shown below.